Trends in Export and Import of Beer of Barley in Nigeria: 1961-2014
Essien Akpan Antia-Obong *
Department of Economics, Akwa Ibom State University, Obio Akpa Campus, P.M.B 1167, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The importance of Beer of Barley is due to Nigeria being Africa’s largest beer consuming country, hence; require increasing output to meet up with domestic beer production since importation of bottled beer is banned. At present, Beer of Barley is exported and imported, this study aimed to measure growth rate between import and export over a 54 year period divided into three policy periods centred on Structural Adjustment policies (SAP) namely: Pre-SAP (1961-1985), SAP (1986-1998) and Post-SAP (1999-2014) with the sole purpose of identifying period associated with rising exports and falling imports. Log-linear and log-quadratic models are used to determine growth rates and patterns of growth respectively. Findings show that while the Post-SAP period experienced rising exports and falling imports, the period was also associated with a stagnated growth pattern. Therefore, institutions that support Post-SAP policy measures, in particular import ban on bottled/canned beer should be vigorously sustained and strengthened in order to accelerate growth.
Keywords: Beer of barley, export, growth rate, import, Structural Adjustment Policies or Programmes (SAP).