Response of Cotton to Conservation Tillage Plus Wheat Straw Management and Nitrogen in Wheat Based Cropping System
Niamat Ullah Khan *
PCCC, Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan.
Sami Ullah
College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Bahadur Campus Layyah, Pakistan.
Azhar Abbas Khan
College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Bahadur Campus Layyah, Pakistan.
Umbreen Shahzad
College of Agriculture, Bahauddin Zakaria University, Bahadur Campus Layyah, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Zero tillage straw retained with optimum N is an important strategy to increase soil fertility and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)-cotton system. A 3 years field experiment was conducted during 2014, 2015 and 2016 to study the impact of two tillage techniques [zero tillage plus wheat straw retained- ZTsr and conventional tillage-CT straw burnt (CTsb, with disc plow, tiller, rotavator, and leveling operations)] and four nitrogen rates namely 0, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1 on cotton yield and soil fertility. Results indicated that bolls/plant–1, weight per boll, seed cotton yields, lint percentage and N recovery efficiency were highest with 150 kg N ha–1. Interaction tillage into N indicated that ZTsr had graeter bolls plant-1, bolls weight, seed cotton yields, lint percentage and N recovery efficiency compared to CTsb. ZTsr had more soil organic matter (SOM) and total soil nitrogen (TSN) compared to CTsb. ZTsr with 150 kg nitrogen per hectare enhanced cotton yield and soil fertility on sustainable basis in arid environment of Dera Ismail Khan.
Keywords: Cotton yield, tillage plus wheat residues, nitrogen, N recovery efficiency, yield components.