Identification of Agromorphological Determinants Favoring the Propagation of Bacterial Disease in Agroforestry Farms of Cashew Trees in Côte d'Ivoire
Brou Kouassi Guy *
Département Biologie Végétale, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Oro Zokou Franck
Département Biologie Végétale, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Doga Dabé
Station de Recherche de Lataha, Programme Anacarde, Mangue et Papaye, Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Leki Konan Bertrand
Département Biologie Végétale, Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Biologiques, Université Peleforo Gon Coulibaly (UPGC), BP 1328 Korhogo, Côte d'Ivoire.
Kouassi Koffi II Nazaire
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) Biosciences, Programme West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Université Félix Houphouët Boigny, 01 BPV 34 Abidjan 01, ex-Directeur du Laboratoire Central de Biotechnologie, Centre Nationale de Recherche Agronomique (CNRA), 01 BP 1740 Abidjan 01, Côte d'Ivoire.
Dogbo Denezon Odette
Unité de Formation et de Recherche (UFR) des Sciences Naturelles, Laboratoire de Physiologie Végétale, Université Nangui Abrogoua, 02 BP 801Abidjan 02, Côte d'Ivoire.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In Côte d'Ivoire, cashew cultivation faces several health obstacles. Among these problems, bacteriosis causes extensive damage to twigs, leaves and fruits, lowers the quality of crops and causes yield losses. The spread of this disease would be under the determination of the morphological characters of the cashew tree. The objective of this study is to search for agro-morphological determinants that influence the spread of bacteriosis in agroforestry systems in Côte d'Ivoire. To achieve this objective, 30 cashew trees spread across 26 agroforestry cashew orchards in the Korhogo, Sinématiali and Boundiali departments were chosen and geolocated. The study factor is the clone, consisting of 30 cashew genotypes, with 13 modalities. The collected data was subjected to descriptive analysis, correlation test, ACP and ascending hierarchical classification (CAH). The results obtained showed that the size and leaf areas and size of cashew trees are determinants that promote the spread of bacteriosis in these 30 cashew genotypes. Following this result, the ascending hierarchical classification (CAH) made it possible to screen the genotypes into three groups. These results should contribute to the agroecological management of bacteriosis, to enhance and intensify agroforestry cropping systems in Côte d'Ivoire.
Keywords: Cashew tree, agroforestry system, bacterial blight, determinant of disease.