Self-Pollinated (Geinotogami) of Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb. Type Udang
Article Sidebar
Main Article Content
Abstract
Aims: The research aimed to study the ability of natural and artificial self-pollinated (Geitonogamy) of gambir.
Study Design: Experimental method consisted of determining the sample plants. Sampling determination was conducted by non probability sampling, purposive sampling.
Place and Duration of Study: This research was conducted in the UPT Experimental Garden of the Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang from September 2019 to December 2019
Methodology: an experimental method consisted of determining the sample plants, conducting natural and artificial geitonogamy self-pollinated systems, observing sample plants, collecting data based on the experiment, and sample-testing in the laboratory. Sample determination selected by non-probabilistic sampling with purposive sampling method. Observation included percentage of pollination, percentage of fertilization, number of fruit formed, pollen fertility and sterility
Results: Data observations were analyzed with simple statistics. The results showed that (1) the percentage of pollination through the geitonogamy natural pollination system of udang gambier type was 89.30%, (2) the percentage of fertilization in the geitonogami's own natural pollination system was 10.68% and artificial was 27.5%, (3) the average percentage of pollen fertility was 56.56% and the pollen sterility was 43.44% tested with the bromothymol blue staining method.
Conclusion: Artificial geitonogami self-pollination was potential to develop for gambir cultivation.
Article Details
References
Rauf A, Rahmawaty, Siregar AZ. The condition of Uncaria gambir Roxb. As one of important medicinal plants in North Sumatera, Indonesia. Procedia Chemistry. 2015;14:3-10.
Udarno L, Setiyono RT. Reproductive organ biology of two gambier varieties (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb) in Pakuwon garden. Sirinov Journal. 2013; 1(2):83-88
Statistics Indonesia. Indonesia plantation crops production; 2019.
Retrieved from https://www.bps.go.id/
Anggraini T, Tai A, Yoshino T, Itani T. Antioxidative activity and catechin content of four kind of Uncaria gambir extract from West Sumatera, Indonesia. African Journal of Biochemistry Research. 2011;5(1):33-38.
Fauza H. Gambier: Indonesia leading commodities in the past. International Journal on Advanced Science Engineering Information Technology. 2014;4(6):67-72.
Fauza H. Identification of gambier (Uncaria gambir spp.) characteristic in West Sumatera and RAPD analysis. (P.hD Dissertation). Faculty of Agriculture, Padjadjaran University, Bandung, Indonesia; 2009.
Lopita S. Identification of gambier pollination system (Uncaria gambir (Hunter) Roxb.). (Thesis). Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia; 2018.
Fitri AW. Optimization pf artificial pollination of gambier (Uncaria gambier (Hunter) Roxb.). (Thesis). Faculty of Agriculture, Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia; 2012.
Jamsari, Yaswendri, Kasim M. Phenology of flower development and fruit of Uncaria gambir. Biodiversitas. 2007;8:141-146.
Guzhov Y. Genetics and plant breeding for agriculture. 1989. Mir. Publication, Moscow
Syukur MS, Sujiprihati S, Yunianti R. Plant breeding engineering. 2nd Edition. Penebar Swadaya. Jakarta; 2015.
Perveen A. Pollen germination capacity, viability and maintenance of Pisium sativum L). Middle-East Journal of Scientific Research. 2007;2:79-81.
Hoekstra FA, Crowe LM, Crowe JH. Differential desiccation sensitivity of corn and pennisetum pollen linked to their sucrose content. Plant, Cell and Environment. 1989;20:341-367.
Lersten NR. Flowering plant embryology. Blackwell publishing professional. Ames IOWA, USA; 2004.