Analysis of Backyard Poultry Farmers' Awareness, Perceptions, and Adaptability to Climate Change in Tonkolili District, Sierra Leone
Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research,
Page 6-17
DOI:
10.9734/ajaar/2022/v19i130235
Abstract
The poultry industry worldwide suffers significantly due to climate change, which may affect the chicken protein source. The study examined backyard poultry farmers' awareness, perceptions, and responses to climate change in Tonkolili, Sierra Leone. Data were collected from 232 backyard poultry farmers using a semi-structured questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 23.0 Software. According to the respondents' socioeconomic profiles, the majority of farmers (53.4%) were between the ages of 31 and 40 years, and most of them were female (59.5%) and married (54.3%). The average household size was between 5-8 persons, and the majority of respondents (59.5%) lacked formal education. The poultry farmers are well aware of climate change (96.6%), and that decrease in rainfall (x̄ = 3.45) and increasing temperature (x̄ = 3.39) affects poultry production, leading to high incidences of poultry diseases (x̄ = 4.11), increases the cost of feed (x̄ = 3.99), and reduces the quantity of egg production (x̄ = 3.92). The logistic regression model results showed that the positive and significant factors that influenced climate change awareness are gender and sources of climate change information. Some of the adaptation strategies practices by the farmers are an adequate supply of drinking water, increased quantity of supplementary feed, and rearing a different variety of birds. Climate change affects backyard poultry production therefore, poultry farmers should be provided with technical training and assistance through extension services to help alleviate the impact of climate change on backyard poultry production.
Keywords:
- Adaptative response
- climatic variables
- farmer's perception
- poultry production
How to Cite
Sesay, A. R., Sesay, A. R., & Kallon, S. (2022). Analysis of Backyard Poultry Farmers’ Awareness, Perceptions, and Adaptability to Climate Change in Tonkolili District, Sierra Leone. Asian Journal of Advances in Agricultural Research, 19(1), 6-17. https://doi.org/10.9734/ajaar/2022/v19i130235
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Elijah OA, Adedapo A. The effect of climate on poultry productivity in Ilorin Kwara state, Nigeria. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 2006;5(11):1061-1068.
Adesiji GB, Baba ST, Tyabo IS. Effects of climate change on poultry production in Ondo state, Nigeria. Russ. J. Agric. Socioecon. Sci. 2013;14(2):55-60.
Mengesha M. Climate change and the preference of rearing poultry for the demands of protein foods. Asian J. Poult. Sci. 2011;5(4):135-143.
Ravichandran P, Mohamed AK. Effects of climate changes on commercial layer industry concerning production, price, diseases among poultry farmers: Namakkal District, Tamilnadu. IJMOS. 2015;(2).
Chah JM, Odo E, Asadu AN, Enwelu IA. Poultry farmers' adaptation to climate change in Enugu north agricultural zone of Enugu state, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension. 2013;17(1):100-114.
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Accessed 12 May 2021.
Available:https://en.engormix.com/mycotoxins/articles/poultry-industry-nigeria-climate-t40160.htm.s
Köbrich C, Rehman T, Khan M. Typification of farming systems for constructing representative farm models: two illustrations of the application of multi-variate analyses in Chile and Pakistan. Agricultural Systems. 2003;76(1): 141-157.
Hoffmann I. Adaptation to climate change - exploring the potential of locally adapted breeds. Animal. 2013;7(2):346-362.
Sheikh IU, Nissa SS, Zaffer B, Akand AH, Bulbul KH, Hasin D, Hussain SA. Propagation of backyard poultry farming for nutritional security in rural areas. International Journal of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry. 2018; 3(4), 03-06.
Moreki JC, Dikeme R, Poroga B. The role of village poultry in food security and HIV/AIDS mitigation in Chobe District of Botswana. Livestock Research for Rural Development. 2010;22(3):1-7.
Kingori AM, Wachira AM, Tuitoek JK. Indigenous chicken production in Kenya: a review. International Journal of Poultry Science. 2010;9(4):309-316.
Nkukwana TT. Global poultry production: Current impact and future outlook on the South African poultry industry. South African Journal of Animal Science. 2018; 48(5):869-884.
Lara LJ, Rostagno MH. Impact of heat stress on poultry production. Animals. 2013;3(2):356-369.
Staatz J, Hollinger F. West African food systems and changing consumer demands; 2016.
Liverpool-Tasie LSO, Sanou A, Tambo JA. Climate change adaptation among poultry farmers: Evidence from Nigeria. Climatic Change. 2019;157(3):527-544.
Nyoni NMB, Grab S, Archer ER. Heat stress and chickens: Climate risk effects on rural poultry farming in low-income countries. Climate and Development. 2019;11(1):83-90.
Daghir NJ. Nutritional strategies to reduce heat stress in broilers and broiler breeders. Lohmann Information. 2009;44(1):6-15.
Akbarian A, Golian A, Kermanshahi H, De Smet S, Michiels J. Antioxidant enzyme activities, plasma hormone levels and serum metabolites of finishing broiler chickens reared under high ambient temperature and fed lemon and orange peel extracts and C urcuma xanthorrhiza essential oil. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2015;99(1):150-162.
Popoola OO, Monde N, Yusuf SFG. Climate change: Perception and adaptation responses of poultry smallholder farmers in Amathole District Municipality, Eastern Cape Province of South Africa. South African Journal of Agricultural Extension. 2019;47(3):108-119.
Leone SS. Population and housing census summary of final results. planning a better future. Statistics. Freetown Sierra Leone; 2015.
Conteh AM, Sesay AR. Current status of indigenous chicken production in Moyamba District, Sierra Leone. Int. J. Res. Stud. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 2019; 5(3):7-16.
Alemneh T, Getabalew M. Exotic chicken production performance, status and challenges in Ethiopia. International Journal of Veterinary Science and Research. 2019;5(2):039-045.
Speedy AW. Global production and consumption of animal source foods. The Journal of Nutrition. 2003;133(11):4048S-4053S.
Sasson A. Food security for Africa: An urgent global challenge. Agriculture & Food Security. 2012;1(1):1-16.
Ibidapo I, Ogunsipe MH, Oso OP, Akintade TF. Assessment of arable crop farmers' perception and adaptation to climate change in Ondo State, Nigeria. Greener Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2018;8(5):100-109.
Kitinya KT, Onwonga RN, Onyango C, Mbuvi JP, Kironchi G. Climate change and variability: Farmers’ perception, experience and adaptation strategies in Makueni County, Kenya. Asian J. Agric. Rural Dev. 2012;2:411-421.
Krejcie RV, Morgan DW. Determining sample size for research activities. Educational and Psychological Measurement. 1970;30:607-610.
Greene WH. Econometric analysis (4th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall; 2000.
Minh DV. Effect of supplementation, breed, season and location on feed intake and performance of scavenging chickens in Vietnam. Asian J. Poult. Sci. 2005; 14(2):75-101.
Chatterjee RN, Rajkumar U. An overview of poultry production in India. Indian Journal of Animal Health. 2015;54(2):89-108.
Habte T, Amare A, Bettridge JM, Collins M, Christley RM, Wigley P. Guide to chicken health and management in Ethiopia: For farmers and development agents. ILRI Manual; 2017.
Khatibi FS, Dedekorkut-Howes A, Howes M, Torabi E. Can public awareness, knowledge and engagement improve climate change adaptation policies. Discover Sustainability. 2021;2(1):1-24.
Shukla G, Kumar A, Pala NA, Chakravarty S. Farmer's perception and awareness of climate change: A case study from Kanchandzonga Biosphere Reserve, India. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2016;18(4):1167-1176.
Ajayi J. Awareness of climate change and implications for attaining the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Agris on-line Papers in Economics and Informatics. 2014;6:3.
Debela N, Mohammed C, Bridle K, Corkrey R, McNeil D. Perception of climate change and its impact by smallholders in pastoral/agropastoral systems of Borana, South Ethiopia. Springer Plus. 2015;4(1):1-12.
Ado AM, Leshan J, Savadogo P, Bo L, Shah AA. Farmers' awareness and perception of climate change impacts: Case study of Aguie district in Niger. Environment, Development and Sustainability. 2019;21(6):2963-2977.
Umar S. Awareness, manifestation and information sources on climate change among irrigation farmers in Katsina State, Nigeria. Scholars Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences. 2016;3:37–41.
Nhemachema C, Hassan R. Micro-level analysis of farmers' adaptation to climate change in Southern Africa. IFPRI Discussion Paper No. 00714 International Food Policy Research Institute, Washington DC; 2007.
Adamu Y, Yusuf SG, Biwe ER. Climate change awareness and rural farmers productivity in Yamaltu Deba Local Government Area of Gombe State, Nigeria. Proceedings of the Annual National Conference of Nigerian Association of Agricultural Economists, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria; 2014.
Temesgen D, Yehualashet H, Rajan DS. Climate change adaptations of smallholder farmers in south eastern Ethiopia. Journal of Agricultural Extension and Rural Development. 2014;6(11):354-366.
Onubuogu GC, Esiobu NS. Trends, perceptions and adaptation options of arable crop farmers to climate change in Imo State, Nigeria: A logit multinomial model approach. World Journal of Agricultural Sciences. 2014;2(5):108-122.
Elijah OA, Adedapo A. The effect of climate on poultry productivity in Ilorin Kwara state, Nigeria. Int. J. Poult. Sci. 2006;5(11):1061-1068.
Adesiji GB, Baba ST, Tyabo IS. Effects of climate change on poultry production in Ondo state, Nigeria. Russ. J. Agric. Socioecon. Sci. 2013;14(2):55-60.
Mengesha M. Climate change and the preference of rearing poultry for the demands of protein foods. Asian J. Poult. Sci. 2011;5(4):135-143.
Ravichandran P, Mohamed AK. Effects of climate changes on commercial layer industry concerning production, price, diseases among poultry farmers: Namakkal District, Tamilnadu. IJMOS. 2015;(2).
Chah JM, Odo E, Asadu AN, Enwelu IA. Poultry farmers' adaptation to climate change in Enugu north agricultural zone of Enugu state, Nigeria. Journal of Agricultural Extension. 2013;17(1):100-114.
Adejoro SO. Poultry industry in Nigeria and climate change implications; 2017.
Accessed 12 May 2021.
Available:https://en.engormix.com/mycotoxins/articles/poultry-industry-nigeria-climate-t40160.htm.s
Köbrich C, Rehman T, Khan M. Typification of farming systems for constructing representative farm models: two illustrations of the application of multi-variate analyses in Chile and Pakistan. Agricultural Systems. 2003;76(1): 141-157.
Hoffmann I. Adaptation to climate change - exploring the potential of locally adapted breeds. Animal. 2013;7(2):346-362.
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